Отправлено: 25.11.23 02:45. Заголовок: аи Беньянский флот 1894

Австро-Венгрия строит 2 сверхмалых броненосных крейсера и по договору, в кредит и аренду, передаёт Китаю ряд кораблей. Австрийцы модернизируют армию Китая с 1891 года, как и подготовка моряков. В мае 1894 года происходит передача части армейского вооружения и кораблей: 2 малых аи-БрКР*, броненосцы: Рудольф*, Стефания*, казематные (модернизированные) - Лисса, Тегеттгоф и Кустоза. 2 минных крейсера* и 6 миноносцев.
Получили в аренду Формозу. Германия и, более вероятно - Италия, оказала политическое содействие и прикрыли Австрию своими эскадрами.
* - аренда.

laid down 1887, Displacement: 2 782 t light; 2 896 t standard; 2 997 t normal; 3 078 t full load

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Dimensions: Length (overall / waterline) x beam x draught (normal/deep) (308,40 ft / 291,99 ft) x 45,93 ft x (13,12 / 13,41 ft) (94,00 m / 89,00 m) x 14,00 m x (4,00 / 4,09 m) Armament: 4 - 8,27" / 210 mm 35,0 cal guns - 258,92lbs / 117,45kg shells, 70 per gun Breech loading guns in deck mounts, 1887 Model 1 x 2-gun mount on centreline, forward deck forward 1 x 2-gun mount on centreline, aft deck aft 8 - 3,46" / 88,0 mm 35,0 cal guns - 19,05lbs / 8,64kg shells, 150 per gun Quick firing guns in casemate mounts, 1887 Model 4 x Single mounts on sides, forward deck aft 2 hull mounts in casemates- Limited use in any sea 4 x Single mounts on sides, aft deck forward 2 hull mounts in casemates- Limited use in any sea 8 - 1,46" / 37,0 mm 40,0 cal guns - 1,45lbs / 0,66kg shells, 150 per gun Quick firing guns in deck mounts, 1887 Model 8 x Single mounts on sides, evenly spread 4 raised mounts Weight of broadside 1 200 lbs / 544 kg Main Torpedoes 2 - 15,0" / 380 mm, 14,76 ft / 4,50 m torpedoes - 0,234 t each, 0,468 t total In 2 sets of deck mounted carriage/fixed tubes Armour: - Belts: Width (max) Length (avg) Height (avg) Main: 6,30" / 160 mm 216,54 ft / 66,00 m 6,56 ft / 2,00 m Ends: 2,52" / 64 mm 65,62 ft / 20,00 m 9,84 ft / 3,00 m 9,84 ft / 3,00 m Unarmoured ends Upper: 2,52" / 64 mm 144,36 ft / 44,00 m 4,92 ft / 1,50 m Main Belt covers 114% of normal length - Gun armour: Face (max) Other gunhouse (avg) Barbette/hoist (max) Main: 2,52" / 64 mm 0,35" / 9 mm - 2nd: 0,98" / 25 mm 0,35" / 9 mm - - Protected deck - single deck: For and Aft decks: 1,18" / 30 mm Forecastle: 0,98" / 25 mm Quarter deck: 0,98" / 25 mm - Conning towers: Forward 8,27" / 210 mm, Aft 0,00" / 0 mm Machinery: Coal fired boilers, complex reciprocating steam engines, Direct drive, 2 shafts, 4 837 ihp / 3 609 Kw = 17,00 kts Range 1 300nm at 9,00 kts Bunker at max displacement = 182 tons (100% coal) Complement: 202 - 263 Cost: £0,269 million / $1,078 million Distribution of weights at normal displacement: Armament: 142 tons, 4,7% - Guns: 141 tons, 4,7% - Weapons: 1 tons, 0,0% Armour: 799 tons, 26,7% - Belts: 524 tons, 17,5% - Armament: 30 tons, 1,0% - Armour Deck: 209 tons, 7,0% - Conning Tower: 37 tons, 1,2% Machinery: 913 tons, 30,5% Hull, fittings & equipment: 928 tons, 31,0% Fuel, ammunition & stores: 215 tons, 7,2% Miscellaneous weights: 0 tons, 0,0% Overall survivability and seakeeping ability: Survivability (Non-critical penetrating hits needed to sink ship): 2 893 lbs / 1 312 Kg = 10,7 x 8,3 " / 210 mm shells or 4,4 torpedoes Stability (Unstable if below 1.00): 1,57 Metacentric height 3,3 ft / 1,0 m Roll period: 10,6 seconds Steadiness - As gun platform (Average = 50 %): 81 % - Recoil effect (Restricted arc if above 1.00): 0,23 Seaboat quality (Average = 1.00): 1,62 Hull form characteristics: Hull has a flush deck, a ram bow and a round stern Block coefficient (normal/deep): 0,596 / 0,599 Length to Beam Ratio: 6,36 : 1 'Natural speed' for length: 17,09 kts Power going to wave formation at top speed: 49 % Trim (Max stability = 0, Max steadiness = 100): 50 Bow angle (Positive = bow angles forward): 9,00 degrees Stern overhang: 6,56 ft / 2,00 m Freeboard (% = length of deck as a percentage of waterline length): Fore end, Aft end - Forecastle: 20,00%, 16,40 ft / 5,00 m, 11,48 ft / 3,50 m - Forward deck: 30,00%, 11,48 ft / 3,50 m, 11,48 ft / 3,50 m - Aft deck: 35,00%, 11,48 ft / 3,50 m, 11,48 ft / 3,50 m - Quarter deck: 15,00%, 11,48 ft / 3,50 m, 13,12 ft / 4,00 m - Average freeboard: 12,00 ft / 3,66 m Ship tends to be wet forward Ship space, strength and comments: Space - Hull below water (magazines/engines, low = better): 113,2% - Above water (accommodation/working, high = better): 105,4% Waterplane Area: 9 773 Square feet or 908 Square metres Displacement factor (Displacement / loading): 98% Structure weight / hull surface area: 73 lbs/sq ft or 355 Kg/sq metre Hull strength (Relative): - Cross-sectional: 0,94 - Longitudinal: 1,71 - Overall: 1,00 Cramped machinery, storage, compartmentation space Adequate accommodation and workspace room Ship has slow, easy roll, a good, steady gun platform Excellent seaboat, comfortable, can fire her guns in the heaviest weather

 Отправлено: 06.12.23 18:58. Заголовок: модернизированный пр..

модернизированный проект. аи"Менге", близок к Цзиньюань и Чиода.
Лёгкие башни (спаренные установки, гидравлика или электрика, вращающаяся часть "погружена/снижена" на одну палубу, 2,2 м, скорострельность 3 выстр/мин), 8 котлов, 2 машины. пояс 140мм-70х2м, палуба 20-28 со скосами.

laid down 1891, Displacement: 3 167 t light; 3 312 t standard; 3 400 t normal; 3 470 t full load

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Dimensions: Length (overall / waterline) x beam x draught (normal/deep) (303,64 ft / 291,99 ft) x 49,21 ft x (13,12 / 13,35 ft) (92,55 m / 89,00 m) x 15,00 m x (4,00 / 4,07 m) Armament: 6 - 8,27" / 210 mm 35,0 cal guns - 264,95lbs / 120,18kg shells, 70 per gun Breech loading guns in turret on barbette mounts, 1891 Model 1 x 2-gun mount on centreline, forward deck forward 2 x 2-gun mounts on centreline, aft evenly spread 8 - 3,46" / 88,0 mm 35,0 cal guns - 19,50lbs / 8,84kg shells, 150 per gun Quick firing guns in deck mounts, 1891 Model 8 x Single mounts on sides, forward deck aft 8 - 1,85" / 47,0 mm 35,0 cal guns - 2,97lbs / 1,35kg shells, 150 per gun Quick firing guns in deck mounts, 1891 Model 8 x Single mounts on sides, forward deck aft 4 raised mounts - superfiring Weight of broadside 1 769 lbs / 803 kg Main Torpedoes 4 - 15,0" / 380 mm, 14,76 ft / 4,50 m torpedoes - 0,274 t each, 1,097 t total In 4 sets of deck mounted side rotating tubes Armour: - Belts: Width (max) Length (avg) Height (avg) Main: 5,51" / 140 mm 229,66 ft / 70,00 m 6,56 ft / 2,00 m Ends: 1,57" / 40 mm 45,93 ft / 14,00 m 6,56 ft / 2,00 m 16,40 ft / 5,00 m Unarmoured ends Main Belt covers 121% of normal length - Gun armour: Face (max) Other gunhouse (avg) Barbette/hoist (max) Main: 1,57" / 40 mm 0,79" / 20 mm 3,94" / 100 mm 2nd: 0,35" / 9 mm - - - Protected deck - single deck: For and Aft decks: 1,10" / 28 mm Forecastle: 0,79" / 20 mm Quarter deck: 0,94" / 24 mm - Conning towers: Forward 3,94" / 100 mm, Aft 0,00" / 0 mm Machinery: Coal fired boilers, complex reciprocating steam engines, Direct drive, 2 shafts, 5 208 ihp / 3 885 Kw = 17,00 kts Range 1 100nm at 9,00 kts Bunker at max displacement = 159 tons (100% coal) Complement: 222 - 289 Cost: £0,362 million / $1,447 million Distribution of weights at normal displacement: Armament: 375 tons, 11,0% - Guns: 372 tons, 11,0% - Weapons: 2 tons, 0,1% Armour: 733 tons, 21,6% - Belts: 370 tons, 10,9% - Armament: 130 tons, 3,8% - Armour Deck: 214 tons, 6,3% - Conning Tower: 19 tons, 0,6% Machinery: 914 tons, 26,9% Hull, fittings & equipment: 1 145 tons, 33,7% Fuel, ammunition & stores: 233 tons, 6,9% Miscellaneous weights: 0 tons, 0,0% Overall survivability and seakeeping ability: Survivability (Non-critical penetrating hits needed to sink ship): 2 719 lbs / 1 233 Kg = 9,6 x 8,3 " / 210 mm shells or 3,7 torpedoes Stability (Unstable if below 1.00): 1,46 Metacentric height 3,3 ft / 1,0 m Roll period: 11,3 seconds Steadiness - As gun platform (Average = 50 %): 61 % - Recoil effect (Restricted arc if above 1.00): 0,44 Seaboat quality (Average = 1.00): 1,21 Hull form characteristics: Hull has a flush deck, a normal bow and a round stern Block coefficient (normal/deep): 0,631 / 0,633 Length to Beam Ratio: 5,93 : 1 'Natural speed' for length: 17,09 kts Power going to wave formation at top speed: 51 % Trim (Max stability = 0, Max steadiness = 100): 50 Bow angle (Positive = bow angles forward): 19,00 degrees Stern overhang: 6,56 ft / 2,00 m Freeboard (% = length of deck as a percentage of waterline length): Fore end, Aft end - Forecastle: 19,00%, 14,76 ft / 4,50 m, 9,84 ft / 3,00 m - Forward deck: 30,00%, 9,84 ft / 3,00 m, 9,84 ft / 3,00 m - Aft deck: 37,00%, 9,84 ft / 3,00 m, 9,84 ft / 3,00 m - Quarter deck: 14,00%, 9,84 ft / 3,00 m, 11,81 ft / 3,60 m - Average freeboard: 10,35 ft / 3,16 m Ship tends to be wet forward Ship space, strength and comments: Space - Hull below water (magazines/engines, low = better): 119,6% - Above water (accommodation/working, high = better): 89,8% Waterplane Area: 10 817 Square feet or 1 005 Square metres Displacement factor (Displacement / loading): 90% Structure weight / hull surface area: 95 lbs/sq ft or 462 Kg/sq metre Hull strength (Relative): - Cross-sectional: 0,94 - Longitudinal: 1,73 - Overall: 1,00 Cramped machinery, storage, compartmentation space Cramped accommodation and workspace room Good seaboat, rides out heavy weather easily